نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
پژوهشکده چرخه سوخت هسته‌ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران، صندوق پستی: 8486-11365، تهران- ایران
چکیده
در سال‌های اخیر، بازیافت زباله‌های پلاستیکی به دلیل مسائل زیست محیطی، بهداشتی و اقتصادی رشد سریعی داشته و مخلوط/ کامپوزیت‌های مختلفی از مواد پلیمری بازیافتی در سال‌های اخیر مشخصه‌یابی شده‌اند. در این میان متأسفانه سهم پلی‌پروپیلن به عنوان یکی از پنج پلیمر اصلی تشکیل‌دهنده پسماندهای پلیمری، بسیار اندک است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی استفاده از پلی‌پروپیلن بازیافتی (rPP) به همراه پلی‌پروپیلن بکر (PP) و افزایش خواص مخلوط آن با استفاده از تابش الکترونی برای کاربردهای احتمالی است. مخلوط‌های حاوی rPP با محتوای وزنی 0، 5، 10 و 15% وزنی با استفاده از تابش الکترونی تحت پرتودهی قرار و به منظور تعیین خواص محتوای ژل، شاخص جریان مذاب، خواص مکانیکی و ویژگی‌های ساختاری مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. کاهش شاخص جریان مذاب مخلوط‌های پرتودهی شده و محتوای ژل نشان می‌دهد که پرتودهی سبب ایجاد اتصالات عرضی در مخلوط PP می‌گردد. افزایش محتوای rPP تغییر محسوسی در استحکام کششی و درصد ازدیاد طول نمونه‌ها را باعث نمی‌شود اما تحت پرتودهی، استحکام کششی در نمونه‌های حاوی 0 تا 10% rPP، کاهش 10% و در نمونه 15% وزنی کاهش 15% را نشان می‌دهد. درصد ازدیاد طول نیز نسبت به نمونه‌های بدون پرتودهی کم‌تر بوده که به نظر می‌رسد به دلیل تشکیل شبکه اتصالات عرضی در ساختار پلیمر باشد. با این حال میزان کاهش با توجه به استفاده از rPP و به دلیل استفاده از پرتودهی میزان قابل قبولی بوده و هم‌چنان مخلوط پلیمری رفتار چکش‌خواری مناسبی را نشان می‌دهد. آنالیز میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی برای نمونه تحت پرتودهی نیز بهبود برهم‌کنش بستر با rPP را نشان می‌دهد. به نظر می‌رسد با در نظر گرفتن نتایج، مخلوط پرتودهی شده حاوی 10% وزنی از rPP، نمونه بهینه باشد که این مخلوط را برای بازیافت محیطی از ضایعات PP پس از مصرف، تحقق بخشیدن به کالاهای جدید با عملکرد بالا برای کاربردهای مختلف، کاهش هزینه و تولید پایدار توصیه می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effects of electron beam irradiation and polypropylene waste as recycled polymer on physical, mechanical and morphological properties of recycled polypropylene/polypropylene blends
نویسندگان [English]
- Z. Rafiei-Sarmazdeh
- M. Torab-Mostaedi
- M. Asadollahzadeh
- R. Torkaman
Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, P.O.Box: 11365-8486, Tehran - Iran
چکیده [English]
Due to environmental, health, and economic concerns, recycling plastic waste has increased significantly in recent years. Numerous mixes and composites of recycled polymer materials have been studied. Unfortunately, polypropylene makes up a very small portion of the five primary polymers that make up polymer waste. This study aims to research the usage of recycled polypropylene (rPP) in combination with virgin polypropylene (PP) and to use electron radiation to improve the mixture's characteristics for potential applications. After electron radiation exposure, mixtures containing rPP at 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt.% were examined to determine gel content, melt flow index, mechanical properties, and structural characteristics. The irradiation results in crosslinking in the PP mixture, as evidenced by the decrease in melt flow index and the increase in gel content of the irradiated mixes. The tensile strength and elongation at break are unaffected by increasing the amount of rPP, but after exposure to radiation, the tensile strength of samples containing 0 to 10 wt.% of rPP declines by 10% and that of samples with 15% by weight reduces by 15%. In comparison to samples not exposed to radiation, the elongation-at-break increase was also reduced, which appears to be a result of developing a crosslinking net in the polymer's structure. The polymer mixture still exhibits reasonable hammering behavior. The decrease caused by rPP and irradiation is of an appropriate magnitude. The irradiation sample's analysis using a scanning electron microscope also demonstrates improved interaction of PP with rPP. Based on the findings, it appears that the irradiation combination containing 10 wt.% rPP is the optimal sample to use for environmentally recycling post-consumer PP waste, creating new, high-performing products for a variety of applications, Cost reduction, and sustainable production.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Radiation recycling
- Polypropylene
- Polymeric waste
- Electron beam
- Plastic
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